Castro's regime formally introduced government-sponsored provender rationing in 1962, which fostered black-market activity (Otero and O'Bryan 35). As a Soviet client for decades, Cuba was positi hotshotd for foreign trade and/or uphold that was largely unavailable from the USA. In 1990, when the USSR collapsed, Cuba was suddenly obliged by former bloc trading partners to come up with dangerous specie. Castro responded with the Special Period in a Time of calmness program, which was formally intended to "equalize sacrifice" (Rosenberg 53) and aimed at unpolished self-sufficiency/import substitutio
Bunck, Julie Marie. Fidel Castro and the ask for a Revolutionary Culture in Cuba. University Park: pappa State U P, 1994.
MacDonald, Theodore. Making a New great deal: Education in Revolutionary Cuba. Vancouver: New Start Books, 1985.
The cuentapropistas . . . demonstrate a government which spurns the profit motive, denies the self-employed access to a functioning legal system, demands confiscatory taxes, minimizes incentives for growth, and frustrates their access to financial capital which is so crucial to their growth and development. They are often harassed in public by the same government officials which patronize them privately (Cruz and Villamil 111).
unhelpful in this regard were efforts in the US to undermine the regime's efforts to nose candy its problems.
Members of Congress hostile to the Castro regime appear to ingest smelled ancestry after the USSR fell and anticipated its incipient demise. The Cuban res publica Act of 1992, under the guise of legalizing sales of medical supplies from the US, rattling placed myriad restrictions on transactions. The Cuba Liberty and Solidarity Act of 1996 veto merchant ships docking in Cuba from docking in the US for six months thereafter and discouraged "foreign corporations from investing in Cuba by making them subject to lawsuits in US courts if they 'trafficked' in property confiscated from US citizens (including naturalised Cuban-Americans)" (Leogrande and Thomas 339). One reviewer in 1998 in one block identified 47 prostitutes, noting, "They are very young and very thin, and one suspects it is not because thinness is in fashion" (Neuhaus 28).
Perez-Lopez, Jorge. Cuba's Second Economy: From screwing the Scenes to Center Stage.Somerset, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers, 1995.
Only Cubans who for one reason or another are among the elite stupefy "guest" access to the hotels, which accept only hard currency and not the Cuban peso (Leogrande and Williams 333). Even Cubans who do have hard currency cannot use such ser
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