Health inequalities

Inequalities in health exist, whether measured in terms of mortality, demeanor foretaste or health status; whether categorised by socioeconomic measures or by ethnic group or gender. Re cent efforts to compare the level and nature of health inequalities in international terms indicate that Britain is gener wholey around the warmness of comparable western countries, depending on the socioeconomic and inequality indicators used. Although in general disadvantage is associated with worse health, the patterns of inequalities vary by place, gender, age, stratum of birth and other factors, and differ according to which measure of health is used.

Death rates have been falling over the coda century, from a crude dying rate of 18 per thousand multitude in 1896 to 11 per thousand in 1996. Over the last 25 years, there have been falls in death rates from a number of important causes of death, for example lung malignant neoplastic disease (for men only), coronary heart disease and stroke. Life expectancy has risen over the last century, but not all intent is lived in good health.



Healthy life expectancy - the measure of average length of life free from nauseous health and disability - has not been rising; the added years of life have been years with a chronic illness or disability, also the proportion of people reporting a restricting long standing illness has risen from 15 per cent to 22 per cent since 1975 and the proportion reporting illness in the two weeks previous to interview has nearly doubled from 9 per cent to 16 per cent. There is a slight growing in the proportion of people consulting the NHS.

A number of different measures cannister be used to indicate socioeconomic position. These include occupation, kernel and type of education, access to or ownership of various assets, and indices establish on residential area characteristics. There...

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